Photothermal convection of a magnetic nanofluid in a direct absorption solar collector

Nanofluid-based direct absorption of solar heat results in thermal efficiencies superior to conventional technology. In addition, convection nanofluid can be sustained pump-free the collector. this article, we study an aqueous magnetic capable establish photothermal a lab-scale collector equipped with solenoid. The consisted 60-nm Fe2O3 particles dispersed distilled water at concentration range 0.5% wt.-2.0% wt. An empirical model was developed based on experiments. accounted for and thermophoretic forces acting within nanofluid. up 2.0% iron oxide nanoparticles obtained velocity ?5 mm/s under field 28 mT. This resulted maximum efficiency equal 65%.